Combination vent and soil pipe fitting



Filed May 5, 1928 B DRAWE'.

COMBINATION VENT AND SOIL PIPE FITTING May29,1928.

Patented May 29, 1928. I v 1,671,278 V UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. i

BERNARD DRAWE, F CLEVELAND, OHIO.

C(IMIBINATIOIT VENT AND SOIL PIPE FITTING.

Application filed May 5, 1926. serial No. 106,824.

This invention relates to a combination vent and soil pipe fitting soarranged as to provide for the vent pipe crossing the soil pipe. Inhousehold and other plumbing there is usually a soil pipe running formore than one story and it is necessary to have vent JlPGS from thevarious fixtures leading to a iigh point on the soil pipe or through theroof. Usually the soil pipe has a maxi mum outside diameter of sixinches and occupies a wall of the bathroom or lavatory which has aninternal space of six inches between the laths of opposite sides. Veryfrequently a medicine chest interrupts the space above the wash stand,so that it is impossible to run a vent pipe from the wash stand upwardlythrough this space. Inasmuch as a four inch soil pipe is necessaryhaving a minimum external diameter of approximately five inches in thebody there is not room enough in a six inch wall to ordinarily extendthe vent'pipe across the soil pipe.

The result of the conditions mentioned is that heretofore a separatevent pipe has been employed, spaced a sufficient distance laterally fromthe soil pipe to avoid the medicine chest, or considerable cutting awayof the joists was necessary toenable the vent pipe to reach the oppositeside of the soil pipe, while in the floor.

My invention is designed "to take care of the'conditions referred to,and others which arise in practice, by a simplified system of plumbingwhich I render possible by providing a fitting which hasincorp'orated'in it a cross conduit of proper cross-sectional areawithout increasing the maximum internal width of the fitting ordecreasing the soilpipe passageway. I thus provide a cross over, whichmay be used within a standard wall having the'six inch internalspace,and enables a continuous vent stack. in available space close to thesoil pipe.

By using my cross over, several advantages are obtained, namely,lesslabor is required in cutting pipe threads and installing the'parts,so that the labor cost is reduced; second, less piping and fewerfittings'are used, ,thus'reducing the material cost; third, thetroublesome cutting of a floor joist and the consequent weakening oft-hefloor support is avoided as well as the labor heretofore involved insuch cutting.

The desired result is accomplished by providing a single integralfitting, which contains the usual vertical discharge space of fourinches in diameter, and has the crossover in the form of a conduit whichembraces the main conduit for approximately one-half its periphery andis intermedia tely flattened so as not to project beyond the spacerequired for the usual soil pipe socket. The main conduit is bulgedforwardly on the side opposite the flattened conduit so as to preservethe proper internal clearance and at the same time increase theavailable space at the back for the cross conduit. The flattened condu tmerges at opposite sides of thesoil conduit into cylindrical extensions,which maybe threaded to receive the vent pipe on opposite sides. Thecross over described is preferably upwardly inclined toward thedischarge side to prevent the flattened portion forming any pocket belowthe bottom line of the intake vent pipe.

My soil pipe fitting in a preferred form, is illustrated in the drawingshereof. and is hereinafter more fully described and its essential'novelcharacteristics summarized in the claims.

In the drawings, Fig. lis an. elevation of the fitting in place withinthe six inch space in a bathroom wall, the view being taken at rightangles to the wall; Fig. 2 is a vertical longitudinal section of thefitting itself at rightanglesto Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is anapproximatelyhorizontal section of the fitting on the offset line 3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig.4 is a diagram illustrating the old method of piping and the simplifiedpipingiby reason of my crossover. I I

As shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, the body of the soil pipe portion of thecombined fitting designated 10 is approxin'i'ately a cylinder of fourinch internal diameter. 11 indicates theusual jotiset socket at theupper. end

thereof, adapted to receive the foot of the.

adjacent soil pipe and having a maximum exterior diameter ofsubstantially six inches. 12 indicates the usual external shoulder atthe foot ofthe fitting.

The cross over conduit is designated 20, it is flattened into theapproximate elliptical form shown, being for the most part of muchgreater vertical extent than lateral and huge Y ging the all 10 forapproximately one-half its circumference. The exterior of the wall 1 inthis region constitutes the interior of the cross over conduit. It willbe' seen that the external Wall 21 of the crossover conduit may by thismeans extend no further fromthe wall 10 at the back of the pipe,

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than the socket member 11, as clearly indicated in Fig. 1. h

At opposite sides of the soil pipe proper thevertical elongatedpassageway gradually merges into cylindrical passageways 23 and 24coming at opposite sides of the pipe where there is plenty of roomwithin the wall, as shown in Fig. 1.

It will be observedthat the cross-sectional area of the vent passagewayis approximately the same in all portions of its course; at least, thevertically elongated portion does not reduce the effective area beyondthat of the cross-sectional area of the standard pipe threaded into theopening 23 or 24.

Each of the extensions 23 and 24 is preferably internally threaded toreceive the pipes leading to the vent stack. I prefer to provide a righthand thread 25 in the intake extension 23 and a left hand thread 26 inthe discharge extension 2%. This enables the horizontal pipe sectionconnecting the discharge with the stack to be turned into place in thisfitting and in this stack T without requiring a union.

It will be observed from Fig. 1 that the socket portion 11 of the soilpipe proper has the usual internal, cylindrical opening adapted toreceive the ordinary soil pipe section 30 and allow calking space abovethe shoulder on the foot of that soil pipe length.

Also the foot 12 of my fitting is of the.

standard size to fit within the socket 32 of the usual soil pipe length.Accordingly, my

I combined fitting is installed in the soil pipe stack in the samemanner as an ordinary fitting, and thevent pipes are readily connecte'd,the vent stack being arranged on one side of the soil stack, whichenables simple plumbing.

The cross-over conduit 20 has its greatest flattening on the rear faceof the pipe midway between the extensions 23 and 24, the

top and bottom lines of this conduit being indicated by the dotted lines27 and 28 in Fig. 2. 'To prevent the bottom curve 28 from possiblyforming a depressionor trap, the discharge end 24 is preferably locatedhigher'than the intake end 23, so that notwithstanding the curve 28 theconduit'never extends below the lowermost point of the intake.Incidentally this upward extension has some advantage in reducing theamount of piping on the intake side and may also increase the spaceavailable for the medicine chest.

. The diagram of Fig: 4: illustrates the differencebetween plumbing withmy combined fixture and a usual arrangement where one vent stack isemployed. In the left hand portion of this view, which represents suchold way, A indicates the soil stack, B and C indicate the dischargesfrom the first and second floor toilets into this stack, D and Eindicate the discharge from the first and second floor bathtubs. Thepipe D isshown as connectedto a pipe F which leads downwardly via thepipe G to the soil stack A below the intake B. The upper end of the pipeF connects to a horizontal pipe H which leads to the main vent stack J,which connects with the soil stack above the highest fixtures Thedischarge from the first floor wash stand is designated K; it is shownas connected with the pipe Gr above the entrance of the pipe F forpurposes of dischargingand for purposes of venting leads upwardly to thepipe H. The second floor wash stand L is shown as connected to pipe Mwhich leads downwardly to the stack A and upwardly to the vent stack J.

The surface of the lowest floor shown is indicated by the line N and theceiling of the room below by the line P. The cross over in the oldsystem of piping had to be in the region between such floor and ceiling,as shown in the case of the pipe D, and, as the toilet discharge B andits vent J are also located in this region, this usually required atleast one joist to be cut short at the top and bottom, practicallydestroying its supporting value. I

Now referring to the right hand half of Fig. 4, the soil stack isindicated by A and the intake from the two toilet-s by Band C. The mainstack is designated J and in this case is located adjacent the soil pipeon the opposite side from the wash stand instead of being diverted awayfrom the soil pipe beyond the far sideof themedicine chests, as in theold method. WVit-h my installation the bathtub discharge D leadsdirectly to the vent stack J". This vent leads inwardly from above thepipe D to the toilet discharge B. The lower wash stand K has the usualdownward discharge G, while the vent pipe H now leads to my combine-dfitting, from the other side of which a short pipe H leads to the stackJ. The second floor bathtub discharge E, washstand discharge L and theirventingv is readily apparent.

"Comparison of the two installations will show that by employing mycombined section, enabling a cross over within the wall,

In the diagram S and S indicate positions of the usual medicine chests.above the Wash stands K and K. Itwill be noticed that the vertical.stacks are broken away at this point for condensation in drawing, andplenty of vertical space isavailable above the pipes H and H.

While the diagram shows but two floors it will be readily understoodthat in an apartment house or hotel for instance where there are anumber of bathrooms located in a vertical tier, the saving by my methodis correspondingly increased.

Having thus described my invention, I claim 1 1. A combination soil andvent pipe fitting comprising a main pipe section having a socket at itsupper end and a transverse pipe embracing the exterior of the main pipeleading from one side of it to the other side beneath said socket, thedistance across the transverse pipe and the main pipe section from frontto back being no greater than the external diameter of the socket.

2. A combination soil and vent pipe fitting comprising a main pipesection having a socket at its upper end and a transverse pipe embracingthe exterior of the main pipe leading from one side of it to the otherside beneath said socket, the distance across the transverse pipe andthe main pipe section from front to back being no greater than theexternal diameter of the socket, the transverse conduit being verticallyelongated, and merging at opposite sides of the mainpipe intocylindrical extensions.

3. A combined soil and vent pipe fitting comprising a single integralcasting having a main pipe portion with an internal diameter ofsubstantially four inches and a socket with an external diameter ofsubstantially six inches, and a transverse conduit on the exterior ofthe main pipe terminating at opposite sides of the main pipe incylindrical extensions having an internal diameter of approximately twoand one-half inches and intermediately vertically elongated so that thetotal distance from front and back diametrically of the main pipe issubstantially six inches.

a. A combined soil and vent pipe fitting comprising a soil pipe portionand a ventpipe portion crossing the soil pipe portion from one side tothe other, the wall of the soil pipe adjacent the mid region of the ventpipe being deflected inwardly to accommodate the vent pipe portion andthe region of the wall of the soil pipe being deflected outwardly topreserve the cross section of the passageway of the soil pipe section.

- 5. A fitting of the character described comprising a main portion anda transverse conduit embracing the main portion and having itspassageway vertically elongated back of the main portion, part of thewall of said main portion constituting the inner wall of the transverseconduit, such inner wall being bowed inwardly at the back of the mainportion to accommodate the transverse conduit and the front wall of themain portion being bowed outwardly.

6. A fitting of the character described, comprising a single integralcasting having a main portion for a soil pipe and a transverse portionfor a vent pipe, said transverse portion embracing the soil pipe portionand having its passageway vertically elongated back of the soil pipe, awall of the soil pipe constituting the inner wall of the vent pipeportion, such inner wall being bowed at the back toward the axis of thesoil pipe portion to accommodate the vent pipe portion and the frontportion of the soil pipe being bowed away from the axis of the soil pipesubstantially correspondingly to preserve the full area of thepassageway of the soil p 7. A combined soil and vent pipe fittingcomprising a single integral casting having a soil pipe sectionterminating in a socket, a vent pipe section crossing the soil pipesection, terminating at opposite sides thereof in cylindrical extensionsand intermediately vertically elongated to preserve its crosssectionwhile having less radial extent, a wall of the soil pipe sectionconstituting also the inner wall of the vent pipe section and such innerwall being deflected toward the axis of the soil pipe section adjacentthe intermediate region of the vent pipe section and the oppositeportion of the soil pipe wall being deflected away from the axis of thesoil pipe to preserve the full cross-sectional area of the soil pipepassageway.

In testimony whereof, I hereunto aflix my signature.

BERNARD DRAWE.

